11/23 (四) Taiwan Biobank for the health of future generations
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題目:Taiwan Biobank for the health of future generations
講者:沈志陽博士
中央研究院生物醫學科學研究所(台灣人體生物資料庫執行長)
日期:2017.11.23(四)15:30-17:00
地點:生科二館213室
主持人:陳令儀教授
Abstract:
The Taiwan Biobank is a scientific infrastructure accessible to biomedical
researchers aimed at furthering understanding of the relationships between
environmental exposure, diet, genetics, and the aetiology and progression of
chronic disease. Through the recruitment and follow-up of a cohort of
200,000 individuals from the general population with no history of cancer
and a cohort of 100,000 patients with chronic diseases of public health
importance from medical centres, the Taiwan Biobank aims to improve the
health of future generations and facilitate genomic/epigenomic research in
the post-genomic era. Currently, more than 88,000 participants from
different regions of Taiwan have been recruited, and more than 1,8100,000
biospecimens, including blood, urine, and DNA, have been collected.
Electronic, structured questionnaires have been administrated to collect
comprehensive information on risk factors, dietary patterns, lifestyle, and
family history of diseases. Physical examinations and biochemical
measurements have been performed. Whole-genome genotyping of more than
20,000 individuals using a chip designed by the Taiwan Biobank, which
contains 653,291 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, has been performed, and
whole-genome sequencing of 1,500 individuals has been completed in April
2017. A few examples of the use of the valuable information contained in the
Taiwan Biobank will be mentioned in this presentation. These include the
identification of specific HLA allele to differentiate southern Han Chinese,
the use of Mandelian randomization to explore causal relationship between
triglyceride and type 2 diabetes and the finding of a protective allele to
against chronic hepatitis B infection. The information and specimens
contained in the Taiwan Biobank have been made publicly available. The goal
is to develop personalised and precision medicine in which progressive
elucidation of risk factors and molecular pathogenesis of disease will
improve disease prevention and facilitate therapy development for
individuals and generations to come.
